Improvement in cultivator-teeth



TURNER & SMITH.

Cultivator-Teeth. I No. 28,945. Patented June 26, 1860.

' Witnesses: Inventor: M M

AM PHOTq-LITHIL CD. N. Y. (DSBORNE'S PROCESS) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH TURNER AND THOMAS P. SMITH, OF SUNAFEE, ASSIGNORS TO TH EM- SELVES AND EDMUND BURKE, OF NEWPORT, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

lMPROV EMENT IN CULTlVATOR-TEETH.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 28,945, dated June 26, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSIAH TURNER and THOMAS P. SMITH, of Sunapee, in the county of Sullivan and State of New Hampshire,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Harvester-Teeth; and we do herebydeclare c. that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the drawings hereto annexed, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a right side view of the righthand tooth. Fig. 2 is a left side view of the left-hand tooth. Fig. 3 is the reverse or opposite side of the right-hand tooth. Fig. 4 is the reverse or opposite side of the left-hand tooth. Fig. 5 is a bottom View of the right-hand tooth. Fig.6 is a top front view of the left-hand tooth. Fig. 7 is a top rear view of the same tooth, and Fig. 8 is a top rear view of the right-hand tooth.

The same letters in the various figures indica-te corresponding parts of both teeth.

As already substantially remarked, we make use of parts of teeth in the construction of har-- rows, which are in form precisely alike, except the reverse of each other-in other words, right and left teeth-and it is in the form of such pairs of teeth in which theimprovements which we claim exist.

A is the colter or section of the tooth which penetrates and breaks the soil, the cutting or breaking edge of which should be constructed in the form of an angle more orless acute,but which, in order to work well, should not exceed ninety degrees.

E is an indentation or recess in the rear of the colter, the depth of which depends upon the angle of the colter. The colter A may be made to slope gradually back to the surface of the tooth, and thus would leave no indentation,which would not alter the principle of our invention; but we prefer to construct it with the indentation.'

H H are the plane or straight surfaces of the two sides of the tooth above the concave and convex portions of the same.

O is the wing of the tooth,which is concave from e tofand convex from f to d. The reverse side of the same tooth is convex from c to f and concave from f to d. From the point e on the top line of the tooth b b to d, the point where the colter A and the wing G intersect, the distance is five and a halfinches, and from the point b to the point d the distance is five inches. Consequently when the tooth is attached t0 the frame of the harrow the point (1 pitches one-halfinch lower from a straightline than the point f1 From 9 to e the point at which the rear portion of the WingG commences to project from the plane surface of the tooth H the distance is two inches. The point fot the wing 0 projects to the right three inches from the left line,j 7", of the upper surface, F, as seen in Fig. 8, thus giving, a width ofthese inches to the cut of the tooth when running in a straight line.

G is the curved point of the concave or right-hand side of the wing'C, and unites with the colter A at d.

B is the rear of the tooth,which projects from the upper portion ofthe same in a line parallel with the line of the colter A.

a a are perforations for the admission of bolts, by which the teeth are fastened to the frame of the harrow. The thickness of the tooth from h to t, Fig. 8, is half an inch, (the material being cast-iron,) and continues ofthat thickness to the wing (J, from the forward line of which it should be gradually made thinner until it approaches an edge on the line fromf to d. When the material of which the tooth is made is steel it may be made much thinner and tighter. In size, thickness, and kind of material reference should be had to the nature of the work to be performed.

We construct our improved harrow-teeth for the common seed-barrow of the following dimensions, namely: Its length from b to b is nine and one-half inches. The depth of the tooth from c to d is .five and one-half inches, and from b tof it is five inches. Thesedimensions may be varied-that is, the tooth may be made larger or smaller, as required by the work to which it is to be applied.

A harrow provided with teeth made substantially in the form above described operates as follows, namely: The colter A firstbreaks and penetrates the soil and prepares it for the action of the wing O, which follows after and thoroughly stirs and pulverizes it, leaving the surface smooth and even, as compared with the effect of other harrows in use. The peculiar form of the point G of the wing C, curving downward, has a constant tendency to draw the tooth into the earth. This tendency ofthe point G, combined with the action of the colter Awhich we have made to describe an angle of about seventy degrees in relation to theline b b of the upper surface, F, butmay be more or less, as may prove best'in actual use-has the effect to relieve the harrow entirely from all obstructions by roots, stones, turf, grass, straw, manure, &c. This faculty of cleaning itself from all obstructions and at the same time constantly working into the soil is an advantage in the construction of harrows which has never before been attained, and greatly increases the utility of the implement; and barrows with teeth constructed as above described require much less power of team to work.

2. The colter A, in combination with the concave and convex wing (3, with its curved. point G, constructed and operating substantially as above described.

JOSIAH TURNER. THOMAS P. SMITH.

Witnesses:

JOHN HOPKINS, ABIATHUR YOUNG. 

